Effects of Calcination Temperature and Calcination Atmosphere on the Performance of Co3O4 Catalysts for the Catalytic Oxidation of Toluene

A series of Co3O4 catalysts were synthesized and derived from Co-BTC (BTC = 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid). The effects different calcination temperatures atmospheres on the catalytic activity materials investigated. characteristics investigated by using various techniques, including X-ray diffraction, N2 adsorption–desorption measurements, scanning electron microscopy, photoelectron spectroscopy, H2 temperature-programmed reduction. findings demonstrated that an increase in temperature caused a higher agglomeration grains, reduced specific surface area, influenced contents active substance Co3+ surface-adsorbed oxygen catalyst. catalyst pretreated under atmosphere showed more uniform particle distribution, better low-temperature reducibility, highest activity. situ DRIFTS results indicated toluene was decomposed successively to benzaldehyde, benzoic acid, bicarbonate, carbonate species eventually broken down into small molecules CO2 H2O as increased.